North+Korean+Threat+to+International+Peace+and+Security

 North Korean Threat to International Peace and Security **April 5, 2009** . ....... During the last decade, the Democratic Republic of Korea ’ s   threat of its nuclear weapons, as well as the recent missile launch, has deepened the tension not only on the Korean peninsula but on the world as a whole. It is one of the unique, difficult cases that puts the United Nations into a hard position. Prohibiting the development of nuclear weapons and missiles is the one of the world ’ s greatest interest and concern. The goal of my journals is to keep track on North Korea ’ s action which threatens international peace and security and identify the position of the major players in the issue.  ........ The division of the Korean peninsula into two sovereign states with distinctive ideologies was the result of the Cold War rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States of America. As Japan withdrew from the Korean peninsula after World War II, the Soviet Union marched to Chinese Manchuria and to the tip of the northern section of the Korean peninsula. Through expanding its territory, the Soviet Union established a communist presence in its newly gained territory. Watching its rival, the United States occupied the southern part of Korea (Uschan, 25). In 1945, U.S. officials and Soviets agreed to divide Korea into two halves by the 38th parallel. The Republic of Korea (South Korea) and the Democratic People ’ s Republic of Korea (North Korea) officially became independent states in 1948. The Korean War, a war between North Korean communist and South Korean democratic regimes, broke out in 1950 by North Korea ’ <span style="font-family: 바탕;">s invasion. In 1953 at Panmunjom, cease-fire was signed by both Koreas, and the war has not officially ended (8-9).

//__ News Reports __// [|US moves warships into position for North Korean missile]** -Summary: ........ On March 30, 2009, the U.S. and Japan deployed anti-missile batteries on land and sea to shoot down possible debris from an intercontinental ballistic missile of North Korea that was expected to be tested in the next few days. Both the U.S. and Japan had no intention of shooting down the missile, but the U.S. might have <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ considered<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” it if the missile heads for Hawaii. South Korea also planned to dispatch its Aegis-equipped destroyer. The satellite photographs of the unveiled missiles were released by the Institute for Science and International Security. -Analysis: ........ Following the series of threats of the developing nuclear power plant, DPR Korea<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s warning of the second launch of missile Taepodong 2 deepened the concern of countries world wide, especially its neighbors and the permanent members of the Security Council. The tension between the nations has been tight, since no nation other than North Korea itself can be certain whether the missile will contain a satellite or a bomb. Furthermore, the launch of the long-ballistic missile was an extreme threat to international security as the missile has the potential military usage of carrying nuclear weapons. This missile launch will give Pyongyang a better chance of showing its dignity and power as a communist country, and appealing to its business partners of arm industry, such as Iran.
 * April 5, 2009

-Summary: ........ According to Japanese Defense Ministry, the missile launched from the Musudan-ri site in northeastern North Korea was submerged into water 2,150<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">– 2,950 km east of the Chiba Prefecture. The first-stage booster dropped into the ocean off the Akita Prefecture shortly after the missile lifted off. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ The rocket with second- and third-stage boosters passed Japan and continued flying to an area about 2,100 km off Iwate Prefecture.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” Using Aegis destroyers deployed in the Pacific Ocean and a radar facility in Hawaii, the U.S. military continued monitoring until the missile fell into the Pacific Ocean with the second-stage booster attached. -Analysis: ........ Like North Korea<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s previous launch of Taepodong 2 in 2006, launch of the same missile failed according to the U.S. Navy<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s report. However, the latest launch evidently shows the progress and advancement from the first launch in which the missile sank into the water between the Korean peninsula and Japan. North Korea seems to be spending a large sum of its annual budget in updating its military weapons, instead of improving public health. The economic aid provided by the international community to improve the public standard of living does not seem to be spent appropriately.
 * April 8, 2009**
 * [|Government says N. Korea missile flew 3,200 km]**

[|Russia wants deal on U.N. response to North Korea launch]** -Summary: ........ The member states of the Security Council held a three-hour emergency meeting on Sunday regarding North Korea<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s launch of a long-range ballistic missile. The United States, Japan, and South Korea say North Korea has violated UN Security Council resolution 1718, which bans firing of such missiles by Pyongyang after its nuclear and missile test in 2006. Yet, it was not a productive meeting as no decision was made. The five permanent members (P5s) of the Security Council and Japan met at UN headquarters on the following day to explore the UN response. Japan and the three Western powers failed to persuade Russian Federation and China in punishing North Korea. The United States and Japan would like a resolution that expands existing financial sanctions against North Korea. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman emphasizes that launching a satellite and firing a missile or a nuclear test are different in nature. She further stressed that the UN reaction must be <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ cautious and proportionate.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” Russia clearly stated that it will not take any action until the Council has a <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ clear understanding of all details.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” -Analysis: ........ Different countries are taking different positions in response to the launch of missile. The United States, Japan, and South Korea announced that DPR Korea violated UN Security Council Resolution 1718, and are demanding the Council to punish DPRK. The United States has been concerned about the growing power of DPRK as a communist nation, as well as, Hawaii and Alaska being targets of its missile launch. Being located in close distance with DPRK, Japan and South Korea has feared being the victims of North Korea<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s nuclear weapons and missiles. China and Russia, on the other hand, are taking more cautious steps in reaction to DPRK<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s missile launch. China also stated that it will veto any dramatic measures, such as imposing an economic sanction, regarding this issue. By remaining neutral, China and Russia, two growing powers of the world, are able to limit the power of U.S. The major players of the issue are divided into two distinct groups that are reminiscent of the Cold War; the United States, Japan, and South Korea on one side, and the DPRK, Russia, and China on the other side. There has not been an agreement, and the stalemate is expected to last for a long time, making it difficult to come to a consensual decision.
 * April 8, 2009

-Summary: ........ Approximately one tenth of the million Pyongyang citizens gathered on Wednesday to congratulate Kim Jong Il<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s third term of office and to celebrate the success of the rocket launch that threatened international peace and security by violating the UN resolution of 2006. His re-election further deepened regional tension. North Korea claims the satellite was successfully sent into outer space and accused the Security Council of being <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">‘ undemocratic<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ by targeting the communist nation while <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ allowing many other countries to launch satellites.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” However, South Korea and Japan reported that nothing was detected in their monitoring systems at the orbit and the launch was intended to test North Korea<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s long range missile technology. -Analysis: ........ Interestingly, North Korea did not admit that the launch failed. Whether the satellite was sent to outer space or not will be determined only if North Korea provides the data transmitted from the satellite to prove the existence of the newly sent satellite if there is one. However, North Korea is likely to emphasize its national sovereignty and refuses to give out the data. North Korea is protesting the Security Council condemning it for violating the Security Council resolution 1718, and justifying itself that it was using outer space peacefully. The North Korean missile launch is one of the cases where two different documents prove and disapprove the issue at the same time. The stalemate is expected to continue longer due to a lack of proof and paradox in international documents.
 * April 9, 2009**
 * [|North Korea stages huge rally to celebrate rocket]**

-Summary: ........ The leaders of South Korea, China, and Japan agreed on Saturday to send North Korea a <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ powerful message<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” over its rocket launch. Their meeting came as the UN Security Council appeared to be making progress in breaking a deadlock over how to respond to North Korea<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s missile launch. The three nations and the U.S. believe a presidential statement carries <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ equal clout<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” as Security Council resolutions. Japanese press Yomiuri reported that the statement would include a demand that North Korea abstain from more launches, and a call for the drawing up of further economic sanctions against. -Analysis: ........ Drafting a presidential statement at the Security Council meeting will certainly demonstrate the unification amongst not only the neighbors of DPR Korea, but also the P5 nations of the Security Council, and further strengthen international security. However, it is still a question whether the presidential statement will play an equally powerful role as the Security Council Resolution. Prior to the meeting with South Korea and China, Japan planned to impose stronger economic sanction on North Korea in response to the launch of the missile. Adding power to its plan through drafting the presidential statement along with three other nations, Japan showed its willingness to include economic sanction as a means to punish North Korea. Yet, the presidential statement still has to go through a voting procedure, and China is likely to disagree with any clauses that take dramatic actions against remaining neutral. The final draft of the statement is expected to be milder than Japan<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">’ s previous decision.
 * April 11, 2009**
 * [|SKorea, China, Japan want strong message for North]**


 * Works Cited in MLA Format

Text** <span style="font-family: 바탕;">Uschan, Michael V. World History Series <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">– <span style="font-family: 바탕;"> The Korean War. USA: Lucent Books, 2001. <span style="text-align: left; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: 바탕; msofontkerning: 0pt; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msobidifontfamily: Arial; msohansifontfamily: 바탕;">Borger, Julian. “US moves warships into position for North Korean missile.” __The Guardian__. 31 March 2009. 5 April 2009 ........ <__http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/mar/31/north-korea-us-japan-missile__>. “Govt says N. Korean missile flew 3,200 km.” __The Yomiuri Shimbun__. 8 April 2009. 10 April 2009 ........ <__http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/20090408TDY01302.htm__>. <span style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: 바탕;">Kim, Kwang-Tae. “SKorea, China, Japan want strong message for North.” The __Associated Press__. 11 April 2009. 12 April 2009 ........<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-family: 바탕; msobidifontfamily: Arial; msofareastlanguage: KO; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msobidilanguage: AR-SA;"><__http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090411/ap_on_re_as/as_nkorea_missile;_ylt=AiZjR6hsRnpd2OMF25e4c3IBxg8F__>. Louis Charbonneau. “Russia wants deal on U.N. response to North Korea launch.” __Reuters__. 7 April 2009. 11 April 2009 ........ <__http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20090407/wl_nm/us_korea_north_95__>. <span style="text-align: left; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: 바탕; msofontkerning: 0pt; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msobidifontfamily: Arial; msohansifontfamily: 바탕;">“North Korea stages huge rally to celebrate rocket.” __Fox 19-The Associated Press__. 9 April 2009. 9 April 2009 ........ <__http://www.wxix.com/Global/story.asp?S=10153891__>. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 굴림; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 굴림;"> **Figures** <span style="font-family: 바탕; text-align: left; msofontkerning: 0pt; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msobidifontfamily: Arial; msohansifontfamily: 바탕;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ Rocket Launch Site in Musudan-ri, North Korea.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” __BBC News__. 26,29 March 2009. 12 April 2009 ........ <__http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/45632000/gif/_45632190_n_korea_rocket_466.gif__>. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ Flag-map of North Korea.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” __Wikimedia Commons__. 31 August 2008. 12 April 2009 ........ <__http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag-map_of_North_Korea.svg__>. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ Flag-map of South Korea.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” __Wikimedia Commons__. 31 August 2008. 12 April 2009 ........ <__http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag-map_of_South_Korea.svg__>. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">“ The Leaders of SKorea, China, and Japan.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 바탕;">” __The Associated Press__. 11 April 2009. 12 April 2009 ........<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-family: 바탕; msobidifontfamily: Arial; msofareastlanguage: KO; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msobidilanguage: AR-SA;"><__http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090411/ap_on_re_as/as_nkorea_missile;_ylt=AiZjR6hsRnpd2OMF25e4c3IBxg8F__>.